1960-014A (ξ₁) - Explorer 8

Název objektu Explorer 8

Ionosphere 1

S-30 [=Science]

SSC 60

Start 1960-11-03 05:23 UT, Eastern Test Range, Juno 2

Stav objektu na geocentrické dráze

Očekávaná životnost na dráze 50 r.

Provozovatel USA, NASA

Výrobce USA, NASA-JPL

Kategorie vědecká družice

Hmotnost 41 kg

Parametry dráhy

Epocha Typ i P h_P h_A Pozn.

60-11-03.22 G 49.98° 112.75 min 416 km 2290 km

60-11-03.3 G 49.95° 112.69 min 417 km 2288 km

61-03-31.04 G 49.98° 112.63 min 422 km 2274 km

61-12-22.48 G 49.92° 112.51 min 415 km 2269 km

63-08-30.11 G 49.94° 112.39 min 415 km 2258 km

64-04-07.48 G 49.96° 112.33 min 421 km 2247 km

66-04-18.53 G 49.95° 112.21 min 417 km 2239 km

66-11-05.96 G 49.93° 112.15 min 417 km 2234 km

67-02-03.99 G 49.96° 112.09 min 420 km 2225 km

67-04-28.83 G 49.96° 112.03 min 419 km 2221 km

67-07-25.43 G 49.94° 111.97 min 418 km 2216 km

67-11-07.46 G 49.95° 111.91 min 418 km 2211 km

67-11-22.0 G 49.94° 111.82 min 421 km 2206 km

68-01-07.41 G 49.94° 111.85 min 419 km 2205 km

68-02-13.36 G 49.96° 111.78 min 420 km 2197 km

68-04-19.12 G 49.94° 111.70 min 419 km 2191 km

68-08-17.95 G 49.95° 111.64 min 416 km 2188 km

68-10-10.93 G 49.96° 111.58 min 417 km 2181 km

68-11-29.41 G 49.94° 111.52 min 415 km 2178 km

69-03-07.13 G 49.96° 111.46 min 418 km 2170 km

69-04-25.86 G 49.94° 111.38 min 417 km 2164 km

69-06-17.87 G 49.97° 111.32 min 415 km 2160 km

69-10-06.39 G 49.95° 111.26 min 416 km 2154 km

69-12-12.02 G 49.94° 111.20 min 415 km 2148 km

70-02-01.55 G 49.96° 111.13 min 419 km 2139 km

70-07-05.03 G 49.96° 111.01 min 418 km 2129 km

70-08-25.87 G 49.94° 110.95 min 415 km 2126 km

70-11-01.37 G 49.95° 110.89 min 418 km 2117 km

71-01-29.92 G 49.95° 110.83 min 417 km 2112 km

71-03-30.21 G 49.95° 110.77 min 417 km 2107 km

71-07-13.42 G 49.95° 110.71 min 416 km 2103 km

72-03-10.88 G 49.96° 110.60 min 416 km 2092 km

72-08-29.65 G 49.94° 110.49 min 415 km 2083 km

73-01-19.93 G 49.93° 110.43 min 416 km 2078 km

73-11-06.39 G 49.96° 110.32 min 416 km 2067 km

74-05-31.23 G 49.93° 110.26 min 415 km 2063 km

75-11-03.16 G 49.95° 110.15 min 415 km 2052 km

77-06-21.63 G 49.95° 110.04 min 414 km 2043 km

78-03-09.96 G 49.95° 109.93 min 414 km 2032 km

78-05-14.55 G 49.94° 109.87 min 414 km 2027 km

78-08-28.21 G 49.95° 109.81 min 414 km 2022 km

78-10-06.68 G 49.94° 109.75 min 414 km 2016 km

78-11-05.45 G 49.95° 109.69 min 415 km 2010 km

78-12-31.62 G 49.93° 109.63 min 415 km 2005 km

79-03-14.71 G 49.96° 109.52 min 415 km 1994 km

79-04-10.38 G 49.95° 109.45 min 414 km 1988 km

79-04-29.14 G 49.94° 109.39 min 413 km 1984 km

79-05-22.82 G 49.93° 109.33 min 413 km 1979 km

79-09-14.02 G 49.91° 109.22 min 412 km 1970 km

79-10-16.91 G 49.95° 109.16 min 412 km 1965 km

79-11-04.69 G 49.95° 109.10 min 412 km 1959 km

79-12-07.91 G 49.93° 108.99 min 412 km 1948 km

79-12-19.79 G 49.93° 108.93 min 412 km 1943 km

80-02-08.11 G 49.93° 108.82 min 412 km 1933 km

80-03-25.54 G 49.94° 108.76 min 412 km 1928 km

80-05-31.31 G 49.92° 108.65 min 411 km 1918 km

80-08-08.42 G 49.94° 108.54 min 411 km 1908 km

80-09-07.40 G 49.93° 108.48 min 410 km 1903 km

80-11-13.59 G 49.94° 108.37 min 411 km 1892 km

81-01-25.96 G 49.93° 108.26 min 411 km 1882 km

81-03-07.43 G 49.94° 108.15 min 411 km 1872 km

81-03-21.24 G 49.94° 108.09 min 411 km 1866 km

81-04-15.59 G 49.92° 107.98 min 409 km 1857 km

81-06-03.94 G 49.93° 107.87 min 410 km 1846 km

81-09-09.98 G 49.92° 107.76 min 409 km 1837 km

81-09-28.37 G 49.93° 107.69 min 410 km 1830 km

81-10-15.55 G 49.94° 107.63 min 410 km 1824 km

81-10-29.36 G 49.94° 107.57 min 409 km 1819 km

81-11-09.93 G 49.94° 107.51 min 409 km 1814 km

81-12-16.40 G 49.92° 107.41 min 408 km 1805 km

82-01-31.15 G 49.94° 107.35 min 408 km 1800 km

82-04-02.07 G 49.92° 107.24 min 408 km 1791 km

82-05-29.57 G 49.94° 107.13 min 408 km 1780 km

82-09-10.23 G 49.93° 107.03 min 408 km 1770 km

82-10-31.25 G 49.93° 106.97 min 407 km 1765 km

82-12-05.06 G 49.92° 106.91 min 407 km 1761 km

83-02-01.34 G 49.94° 106.80 min 408 km 1750 km

83-07-05.06 G 49.91° 106.69 min 407 km 1740 km

83-11-19.19 G 49.91° 106.59 min 406 km 1731 km

84-03-04.09 G 49.91° 106.53 min 406 km 1726 km

84-08-08.53 G 49.94° 106.42 min 406 km 1716 km

85-11-18.34 G 49.94° 106.32 min 406 km 1706 km

86-08-23.05 G 49.91° 106.26 min 406 km 1701 km

87-11-03.18 G 49.92° 106.16 min 406 km 1691 km

88-02-09.94 G 49.93° 106.10 min 406 km 1686 km

88-07-14.84 G 49.91° 105.99 min 405 km 1676 km

88-11-11.17 G 49.91° 105.88 min 405 km 1666 km

89-01-09.00 G 49.93° 105.77 min 405 km 1656 km

89-02-08.01 G 49.91° 105.66 min 404 km 1646 km

89-02-21.86 G 49.91° 105.60 min 404 km 1641 km

89-03-24.11 G 49.91° 105.50 min 404 km 1632 km

89-04-23.05 G 49.94° 105.44 min 404 km 1626 km

89-06-24.88 G 49.91° 105.34 min 404 km 1617 km

89-07-29.66 G 49.93° 105.28 min 403 km 1612 km

89-09-09.15 G 49.91° 105.17 min 403 km 1602 km

89-10-08.91 G 49.91° 105.07 min 403 km 1593 km

89-10-22.54 G 49.92° 105.01 min 402 km 1588 km

89-11-30.58 G 49.95° 104.90 min 403 km 1577 km

90-01-26.05 G 49.91° 104.80 min 402 km 1568 km

90-02-23.84 G 49.92° 104.74 min 402 km 1563 km

90-03-31.08 G 49.93° 104.64 min 403 km 1552 km

90-04-16.20 G 49.92° 104.58 min 402 km 1548 km

90-04-27.01 G 49.91° 104.52 min 401 km 1543 km

90-06-12.04 G 49.92° 104.41 min 401 km 1533 km

90-09-13.04 G 49.92° 104.31 min 401 km 1523 km

90-10-08.30 G 49.91° 104.25 min 400 km 1519 km

90-11-13.24 G 49.92° 104.15 min 400 km 1508 km

90-12-04.55 G 49.90° 104.09 min 399 km 1504 km

91-01-19.97 G 49.95° 103.98 min 399 km 1494 km

91-03-10.81 G 49.91° 103.88 min 399 km 1484 km

91-03-30.49 G 49.89° 103.81 min 400 km 1477 km

91-05-07.50 G 49.93° 103.70 min 399 km 1469 km

91-06-18.37 G 49.90° 103.60 min 399 km 1459 km

91-07-08.07 G 49.90° 103.54 min 398 km 1454 km

91-08-23.03 G 49.92° 103.43 min 398 km 1444 km

91-10-20.50 G 49.92° 103.33 min 397 km 1435 km

91-11-08.86 G 49.90° 103.27 min 398 km 1429 km

91-12-23.63 G 49.93° 103.17 min 397 km 1420 km

92-01-22.90 G 49.91° 103.06 min 396 km 1411 km

92-02-16.70 G 49.92° 102.96 min 395 km 1402 km

92-02-28.35 G 49.91° 102.90 min 393 km 1399 km

92-04-10.09 G 49.94° 102.79 min 396 km 1386 km

92-08-05.38 G 49.92° 102.69 min 396 km 1376 km

92-10-20.09 G 49.92° 102.59 min 395 km 1367 km

93-02-11.51 G 49.90° 102.49 min 396 km 1357 km

93-03-14.09 G 49.91° 102.43 min 395 km 1353 km

93-05-18.16 G 49.94° 102.33 min 394 km 1343 km

93-11-21.85 G 49.91° 102.23 min 394 km 1334 km

94-02-16.16 G 49.90° 102.17 min 394 km 1329 km

94-10-24.87 G 49.91° 102.07 min 394 km 1320 km

95-07-21.67 G 49.90° 101.97 min 393 km 1311 km

96-08-23.01 G 49.90° 101.88 min 394 km 1301 km

97-04-04.05 G 49.91° 101.82 min 393 km 1296 km

97-10-05.13 G 49.91° 101.76 min 393 km 1292 km

97-12-27.15 G 49.91° 101.70 min 393 km 1286 km

98-04-24.13 G 49.91° 101.64 min 392 km 1281 km

98-07-10.13 G 49.91° 101.58 min 393 km 1275 km

98-09-02.19 G 49.90° 101.52 min 392 km 1269 km

98-11-12.68 G 49.91° 101.45 min 391 km 1264 km

98-12-31.53 G 49.91° 101.39 min 391 km 1258 km

99-02-03.15 G 49.93° 101.33 min 392 km 1252 km

99-03-03.06 G 49.92° 101.27 min 391 km 1247 km

99-04-08.17 G 49.91° 101.21 min 391 km 1242 km

99-06-17.18 G 49.91° 101.15 min 391 km 1236 km

99-08-01.86 G 49.91° 101.09 min 390 km 1230 km

99-08-31.46 G 49.91° 101.03 min 390 km 1225 km

99-09-25.77 G 49.91° 100.97 min 389 km 1220 km

99-10-18.46 G 49.91° 100.91 min 390 km 1214 km

99-11-14.83 G 49.92° 100.85 min 389 km 1209 km

99-12-19.54 G 49.91° 100.79 min 390 km 1202 km

00-01-28.18 G 49.91° 100.73 min 389 km 1197 km

00-02-27.51 G 49.91° 100.67 min 389 km 1191 km

00-03-18.14 G 49.92° 100.59 min 389 km 1185 km

00-04-02.21 G 49.91° 100.51 min 389 km 1177 km

00-04-15.74 G 49.91° 100.43 min 388 km 1170 km

00-04-28.56 G 49.91° 100.37 min 387 km 1165 km

00-05-21.18 G 49.91° 100.29 min 387 km 1158 km

00-07-01.51 G 49.91° 100.23 min 387 km 1152 km

00-08-13.28 G 49.90° 100.15 min 386 km 1145 km

00-11-07.57 G 49.90° 99.88 min 385 km 1120 km

00-11-26.77 G 49.90° 99.80 min 385 km 1113 km

00-12-19.19 G 49.91° 99.72 min 384 km 1106 km

01-01-07.15 G 49.92° 99.67 min 385 km 1101 km

01-02-11.55 G 49.91° 99.61 min 384 km 1096 km

01-03-17.69 G 49.91° 99.56 min 384 km 1091 km

01-04-08.10 G 49.91° 99.48 min 383 km 1084 km

01-04-29.15 G 49.91° 99.42 min 383 km 1079 km

01-05-20.12 G 49.90° 99.35 min 383 km 1072 km

01-06-10.42 G 49.90° 99.29 min 382 km 1067 km

01-06-24.12 G 49.91° 99.24 min 382 km 1062 km

01-08-04.84 G 49.91° 99.18 min 382 km 1057 km

01-09-09.15 G 49.90° 99.13 min 382 km 1053 km

01-10-07.13 G 49.91° 99.05 min 381 km 1045 km

01-10-27.68 G 49.91° 98.97 min 381 km 1038 km

01-11-11.44 G 49.91° 98.90 min 380 km 1032 km

01-11-25.09 G 49.90° 98.83 min 380 km 1026 km

01-12-09.49 G 49.90° 98.76 min 379 km 1019 km

01-12-22.92 G 49.90° 98.69 min 379 km 1013 km

01-12-29.70 G 49.90° 98.64 min 379 km 1008 km

02-01-06.43 G 49.90° 98.58 min 379 km 1003 km

02-01-19.56 G 49.91° 98.51 min 378 km 997 km

02-02-09.81 G 49.90° 98.39 min 378 km 986 km

02-02-23.46 G 49.90° 98.34 min 377 km 981 km

02-03-10.47 G 49.90° 98.28 min 377 km 976 km

02-03-28.06 G 49.90° 98.22 min 376 km 971 km

02-04-14.23 G 49.90° 98.17 min 376 km 966 km

02-05-05.48 G 49.90° 98.11 min 376 km 961 km

02-05-24.47 G 49.90° 98.06 min 375 km 957 km

02-06-12.86 G 49.89° 98.00 min 375 km 951 km

02-07-01.01 G 49.90° 97.95 min 374 km 947 km

02-07-24.79 G 49.90° 97.89 min 374 km 942 km

02-08-13.83 G 49.90° 97.84 min 374 km 937 km

02-08-28.63 G 49.90° 97.78 min 374 km 931 km

02-09-13.84 G 49.90° 97.72 min 373 km 926 km

02-10-02.21 G 49.89° 97.67 min 373 km 922 km

02-10-19.83 G 49.90° 97.61 min 372 km 917 km

02-11-06.37 G 49.90° 97.56 min 372 km 912 km

02-11-30.06 G 49.90° 97.50 min 372 km 906 km

02-12-16.16 G 49.89° 97.45 min 372 km 902 km

03-01-06.18 G 49.89° 97.39 min 371 km 897 km

03-01-19.02 G 49.89° 97.34 min 371 km 893 km

03-02-07.47 G 49.90° 97.28 min 370 km 887 km

03-02-23.87 G 49.90° 97.22 min 370 km 882 km

03-03-09.63 G 49.89° 97.17 min 369 km 877 km

03-03-31.20 G 49.89° 97.11 min 369 km 872 km

03-04-23.84 G 49.89° 97.06 min 369 km 867 km

03-06-04.32 G 49.89° 97.00 min 369 km 862 km

03-07-06.09 G 49.89° 96.95 min 368 km 857 km

03-08-09.59 G 49.90° 96.89 min 368 km 852 km

03-08-31.84 G 49.89° 96.84 min 367 km 848 km

03-09-26.57 G 49.89° 96.78 min 367 km 842 km

03-10-18.33 G 49.89° 96.72 min 367 km 837 km

03-11-03.16 G 49.89° 96.67 min 366 km 832 km

03-11-30.46 G 49.89° 96.61 min 366 km 827 km

04-01-02.10 G 49.89° 96.56 min 366 km 822 km

04-02-11.62 G 49.90° 96.50 min 365 km 817 km

04-03-05.12 G 49.89° 96.45 min 365 km 813 km

04-03-28.67 G 49.89° 96.39 min 365 km 807 km

04-04-15.26 G 49.89° 96.34 min 364 km 802 km

04-05-22.82 G 49.89° 96.28 min 364 km 797 km

04-07-29.08 G 49.89° 96.22 min 364 km 792 km

04-09-16.34 G 49.89° 96.16 min 363 km 786 km

04-10-14.23 G 49.89° 96.10 min 362 km 781 km

04-11-03.69 G 49.89° 96.04 min 362 km 776 km

04-11-25.08 G 49.89° 95.99 min 362 km 771 km

05-01-09.16 G 49.89° 95.93 min 361 km 766 km

05-02-18.56 G 49.89° 95.88 min 361 km 761 km

05-03-29.61 G 49.89° 95.82 min 361 km 756 km

05-04-24.80 G 49.89° 95.77 min 360 km 752 km

05-05-31.87 G 49.89° 95.71 min 360 km 746 km

05-07-24.25 G 49.89° 95.65 min 360 km 741 km

05-09-18.07 G 49.88° 95.60 min 359 km 736 km

05-11-02.56 G 49.89° 95.54 min 359 km 731 km

05-12-02.26 G 49.89° 95.49 min 358 km 727 km

06-01-24.38 G 49.89° 95.43 min 358 km 721 km

06-04-09.73 G 49.89° 95.38 min 357 km 717 km

06-05-30.68 G 49.88° 95.32 min 357 km 712 km

06-07-12.53 G 49.88° 95.27 min 357 km 707 km

06-10-25.76 G 49.88° 95.21 min 356 km 702 km

06-12-14.43 G 49.88° 95.15 min 356 km 697 km

07-01-21.98 G 49.89° 95.10 min 355 km 692 km

07-04-15.89 G 49.89° 95.04 min 355 km 686 km

07-06-21.76 G 49.88° 94.99 min 354 km 682 km

07-09-21.49 G 49.88° 94.93 min 354 km 677 km

07-12-20.85 G 49.88° 94.88 min 354 km 672 km

08-03-18.57 G 49.88° 94.80 min 353 km 665 km

08-06-12.72 G 49.89° 94.75 min 353 km 661 km

08-09-07.76 G 49.89° 94.70 min 352 km 657 km

09-01-05.65 G 49.89° 94.64 min 352 km 651 km

09-03-14.61 G 49.88° 94.59 min 351 km 647 km

09-06-13.69 G 49.90° 94.53 min 351 km 641 km

09-09-28.40 G 49.91° 94.47 min 350 km 636 km

09-11-14.59 G 49.93° 94.42 min 349 km 633 km

10-02-12.78 G 49.92° 94.36 min 347 km 628 km

10-03-13.65 G 49.92° 94.31 min 347 km 623 km

10-04-07.78 G 49.91° 94.25 min 347 km 618 km

10-04-30.73 G 49.91° 94.20 min 346 km 614 km

10-06-28.67 G 49.92° 94.14 min 346 km 608 km

10-08-23.31 G 49.92° 94.09 min 345 km 604 km

10-09-29.33 G 49.91° 94.03 min 345 km 599 km

10-10-23.73 G 49.91° 93.97 min 344 km 594 km

10-11-12.54 G 49.92° 93.92 min 344 km 589 km

10-12-09.71 G 49.92° 93.86 min 343 km 584 km

11-01-16.87 G 49.91° 93.81 min 342 km 580 km

11-03-03.43 G 49.92° 93.75 min 341 km 575 km

11-03-17.54 G 49.91° 93.70 min 341 km 571 km

11-04-02.14 G 49.91° 93.64 min 340 km 566 km

11-04-09.74 G 49.91° 93.59 min 339 km 562 km

11-04-21.75 G 49.91° 93.53 min 338 km 556 km

11-05-02.39 G 49.91° 93.47 min 338 km 551 km

11-05-13.55 G 49.91° 93.42 min 337 km 547 km

11-05-31.76 G 49.91° 93.36 min 337 km 542 km

11-06-12.74 G 49.91° 93.31 min 336 km 538 km

11-07-02.68 G 49.91° 93.25 min 335 km 533 km

Epocha	Typ	i	P	h_P	h_A
60-11-03.22	G	49.98°	112.75 min	416 km	2290 km
60-11-03.3	G	49.95°	112.69 min	417 km	2288 km
61-03-31.04	G	49.98°	112.63 min	422 km	2274 km
61-12-22.48	G	49.92°	112.51 min	415 km	2269 km
63-08-30.11	G	49.94°	112.39 min	415 km	2258 km
64-04-07.48	G	49.96°	112.33 min	421 km	2247 km
66-04-18.53	G	49.95°	112.21 min	417 km	2239 km
66-11-05.96	G	49.93°	112.15 min	417 km	2234 km
67-02-03.99	G	49.96°	112.09 min	420 km	2225 km
67-04-28.83	G	49.96°	112.03 min	419 km	2221 km
67-07-25.43	G	49.94°	111.97 min	418 km	2216 km
67-11-07.46	G	49.95°	111.91 min	418 km	2211 km
67-11-22.0	G	49.94°	111.82 min	421 km	2206 km
68-01-07.41	G	49.94°	111.85 min	419 km	2205 km
68-02-13.36	G	49.96°	111.78 min	420 km	2197 km
68-04-19.12	G	49.94°	111.70 min	419 km	2191 km
68-08-17.95	G	49.95°	111.64 min	416 km	2188 km
68-10-10.93	G	49.96°	111.58 min	417 km	2181 km
68-11-29.41	G	49.94°	111.52 min	415 km	2178 km
69-03-07.13	G	49.96°	111.46 min	418 km	2170 km
69-04-25.86	G	49.94°	111.38 min	417 km	2164 km
69-06-17.87	G	49.97°	111.32 min	415 km	2160 km
69-10-06.39	G	49.95°	111.26 min	416 km	2154 km
69-12-12.02	G	49.94°	111.20 min	415 km	2148 km
70-02-01.55	G	49.96°	111.13 min	419 km	2139 km
70-07-05.03	G	49.96°	111.01 min	418 km	2129 km
70-08-25.87	G	49.94°	110.95 min	415 km	2126 km
70-11-01.37	G	49.95°	110.89 min	418 km	2117 km
71-01-29.92	G	49.95°	110.83 min	417 km	2112 km
71-03-30.21	G	49.95°	110.77 min	417 km	2107 km
71-07-13.42	G	49.95°	110.71 min	416 km	2103 km
72-03-10.88	G	49.96°	110.60 min	416 km	2092 km
72-08-29.65	G	49.94°	110.49 min	415 km	2083 km
73-01-19.93	G	49.93°	110.43 min	416 km	2078 km
73-11-06.39	G	49.96°	110.32 min	416 km	2067 km
74-05-31.23	G	49.93°	110.26 min	415 km	2063 km
75-11-03.16	G	49.95°	110.15 min	415 km	2052 km
77-06-21.63	G	49.95°	110.04 min	414 km	2043 km
78-03-09.96	G	49.95°	109.93 min	414 km	2032 km
78-05-14.55	G	49.94°	109.87 min	414 km	2027 km
78-08-28.21	G	49.95°	109.81 min	414 km	2022 km
78-10-06.68	G	49.94°	109.75 min	414 km	2016 km
78-11-05.45	G	49.95°	109.69 min	415 km	2010 km
78-12-31.62	G	49.93°	109.63 min	415 km	2005 km
79-03-14.71	G	49.96°	109.52 min	415 km	1994 km
79-04-10.38	G	49.95°	109.45 min	414 km	1988 km
79-04-29.14	G	49.94°	109.39 min	413 km	1984 km
79-05-22.82	G	49.93°	109.33 min	413 km	1979 km
79-09-14.02	G	49.91°	109.22 min	412 km	1970 km
79-10-16.91	G	49.95°	109.16 min	412 km	1965 km
79-11-04.69	G	49.95°	109.10 min	412 km	1959 km
79-12-07.91	G	49.93°	108.99 min	412 km	1948 km
79-12-19.79	G	49.93°	108.93 min	412 km	1943 km
80-02-08.11	G	49.93°	108.82 min	412 km	1933 km
80-03-25.54	G	49.94°	108.76 min	412 km	1928 km
80-05-31.31	G	49.92°	108.65 min	411 km	1918 km
80-08-08.42	G	49.94°	108.54 min	411 km	1908 km
80-09-07.40	G	49.93°	108.48 min	410 km	1903 km
80-11-13.59	G	49.94°	108.37 min	411 km	1892 km
81-01-25.96	G	49.93°	108.26 min	411 km	1882 km
81-03-07.43	G	49.94°	108.15 min	411 km	1872 km
81-03-21.24	G	49.94°	108.09 min	411 km	1866 km
81-04-15.59	G	49.92°	107.98 min	409 km	1857 km
81-06-03.94	G	49.93°	107.87 min	410 km	1846 km
81-09-09.98	G	49.92°	107.76 min	409 km	1837 km
81-09-28.37	G	49.93°	107.69 min	410 km	1830 km
81-10-15.55	G	49.94°	107.63 min	410 km	1824 km
81-10-29.36	G	49.94°	107.57 min	409 km	1819 km
81-11-09.93	G	49.94°	107.51 min	409 km	1814 km
81-12-16.40	G	49.92°	107.41 min	408 km	1805 km
82-01-31.15	G	49.94°	107.35 min	408 km	1800 km
82-04-02.07	G	49.92°	107.24 min	408 km	1791 km
82-05-29.57	G	49.94°	107.13 min	408 km	1780 km
82-09-10.23	G	49.93°	107.03 min	408 km	1770 km
82-10-31.25	G	49.93°	106.97 min	407 km	1765 km
82-12-05.06	G	49.92°	106.91 min	407 km	1761 km
83-02-01.34	G	49.94°	106.80 min	408 km	1750 km
83-07-05.06	G	49.91°	106.69 min	407 km	1740 km
83-11-19.19	G	49.91°	106.59 min	406 km	1731 km
84-03-04.09	G	49.91°	106.53 min	406 km	1726 km
84-08-08.53	G	49.94°	106.42 min	406 km	1716 km
85-11-18.34	G	49.94°	106.32 min	406 km	1706 km
86-08-23.05	G	49.91°	106.26 min	406 km	1701 km
87-11-03.18	G	49.92°	106.16 min	406 km	1691 km
88-02-09.94	G	49.93°	106.10 min	406 km	1686 km
88-07-14.84	G	49.91°	105.99 min	405 km	1676 km
88-11-11.17	G	49.91°	105.88 min	405 km	1666 km
89-01-09.00	G	49.93°	105.77 min	405 km	1656 km
89-02-08.01	G	49.91°	105.66 min	404 km	1646 km
89-02-21.86	G	49.91°	105.60 min	404 km	1641 km
89-03-24.11	G	49.91°	105.50 min	404 km	1632 km
89-04-23.05	G	49.94°	105.44 min	404 km	1626 km
89-06-24.88	G	49.91°	105.34 min	404 km	1617 km
89-07-29.66	G	49.93°	105.28 min	403 km	1612 km
89-09-09.15	G	49.91°	105.17 min	403 km	1602 km
89-10-08.91	G	49.91°	105.07 min	403 km	1593 km
89-10-22.54	G	49.92°	105.01 min	402 km	1588 km
89-11-30.58	G	49.95°	104.90 min	403 km	1577 km
90-01-26.05	G	49.91°	104.80 min	402 km	1568 km
90-02-23.84	G	49.92°	104.74 min	402 km	1563 km
90-03-31.08	G	49.93°	104.64 min	403 km	1552 km
90-04-16.20	G	49.92°	104.58 min	402 km	1548 km
90-04-27.01	G	49.91°	104.52 min	401 km	1543 km
90-06-12.04	G	49.92°	104.41 min	401 km	1533 km
90-09-13.04	G	49.92°	104.31 min	401 km	1523 km
90-10-08.30	G	49.91°	104.25 min	400 km	1519 km
90-11-13.24	G	49.92°	104.15 min	400 km	1508 km
90-12-04.55	G	49.90°	104.09 min	399 km	1504 km
91-01-19.97	G	49.95°	103.98 min	399 km	1494 km
91-03-10.81	G	49.91°	103.88 min	399 km	1484 km
91-03-30.49	G	49.89°	103.81 min	400 km	1477 km
91-05-07.50	G	49.93°	103.70 min	399 km	1469 km
91-06-18.37	G	49.90°	103.60 min	399 km	1459 km
91-07-08.07	G	49.90°	103.54 min	398 km	1454 km
91-08-23.03	G	49.92°	103.43 min	398 km	1444 km
91-10-20.50	G	49.92°	103.33 min	397 km	1435 km
91-11-08.86	G	49.90°	103.27 min	398 km	1429 km
91-12-23.63	G	49.93°	103.17 min	397 km	1420 km
92-01-22.90	G	49.91°	103.06 min	396 km	1411 km
92-02-16.70	G	49.92°	102.96 min	395 km	1402 km
92-02-28.35	G	49.91°	102.90 min	393 km	1399 km
92-04-10.09	G	49.94°	102.79 min	396 km	1386 km
92-08-05.38	G	49.92°	102.69 min	396 km	1376 km
92-10-20.09	G	49.92°	102.59 min	395 km	1367 km
93-02-11.51	G	49.90°	102.49 min	396 km	1357 km
93-03-14.09	G	49.91°	102.43 min	395 km	1353 km
93-05-18.16	G	49.94°	102.33 min	394 km	1343 km
93-11-21.85	G	49.91°	102.23 min	394 km	1334 km
94-02-16.16	G	49.90°	102.17 min	394 km	1329 km
94-10-24.87	G	49.91°	102.07 min	394 km	1320 km
95-07-21.67	G	49.90°	101.97 min	393 km	1311 km
96-08-23.01	G	49.90°	101.88 min	394 km	1301 km
97-04-04.05	G	49.91°	101.82 min	393 km	1296 km
97-10-05.13	G	49.91°	101.76 min	393 km	1292 km
97-12-27.15	G	49.91°	101.70 min	393 km	1286 km
98-04-24.13	G	49.91°	101.64 min	392 km	1281 km
98-07-10.13	G	49.91°	101.58 min	393 km	1275 km
98-09-02.19	G	49.90°	101.52 min	392 km	1269 km
98-11-12.68	G	49.91°	101.45 min	391 km	1264 km
98-12-31.53	G	49.91°	101.39 min	391 km	1258 km
99-02-03.15	G	49.93°	101.33 min	392 km	1252 km
99-03-03.06	G	49.92°	101.27 min	391 km	1247 km
99-04-08.17	G	49.91°	101.21 min	391 km	1242 km
99-06-17.18	G	49.91°	101.15 min	391 km	1236 km
99-08-01.86	G	49.91°	101.09 min	390 km	1230 km
99-08-31.46	G	49.91°	101.03 min	390 km	1225 km
99-09-25.77	G	49.91°	100.97 min	389 km	1220 km
99-10-18.46	G	49.91°	100.91 min	390 km	1214 km
99-11-14.83	G	49.92°	100.85 min	389 km	1209 km
99-12-19.54	G	49.91°	100.79 min	390 km	1202 km
00-01-28.18	G	49.91°	100.73 min	389 km	1197 km
00-02-27.51	G	49.91°	100.67 min	389 km	1191 km
00-03-18.14	G	49.92°	100.59 min	389 km	1185 km
00-04-02.21	G	49.91°	100.51 min	389 km	1177 km
00-04-15.74	G	49.91°	100.43 min	388 km	1170 km
00-04-28.56	G	49.91°	100.37 min	387 km	1165 km
00-05-21.18	G	49.91°	100.29 min	387 km	1158 km
00-07-01.51	G	49.91°	100.23 min	387 km	1152 km
00-08-13.28	G	49.90°	100.15 min	386 km	1145 km
00-11-07.57	G	49.90°	99.88 min	385 km	1120 km
00-11-26.77	G	49.90°	99.80 min	385 km	1113 km
00-12-19.19	G	49.91°	99.72 min	384 km	1106 km
01-01-07.15	G	49.92°	99.67 min	385 km	1101 km
01-02-11.55	G	49.91°	99.61 min	384 km	1096 km
01-03-17.69	G	49.91°	99.56 min	384 km	1091 km
01-04-08.10	G	49.91°	99.48 min	383 km	1084 km
01-04-29.15	G	49.91°	99.42 min	383 km	1079 km
01-05-20.12	G	49.90°	99.35 min	383 km	1072 km
01-06-10.42	G	49.90°	99.29 min	382 km	1067 km
01-06-24.12	G	49.91°	99.24 min	382 km	1062 km
01-08-04.84	G	49.91°	99.18 min	382 km	1057 km
01-09-09.15	G	49.90°	99.13 min	382 km	1053 km
01-10-07.13	G	49.91°	99.05 min	381 km	1045 km
01-10-27.68	G	49.91°	98.97 min	381 km	1038 km
01-11-11.44	G	49.91°	98.90 min	380 km	1032 km
01-11-25.09	G	49.90°	98.83 min	380 km	1026 km
01-12-09.49	G	49.90°	98.76 min	379 km	1019 km
01-12-22.92	G	49.90°	98.69 min	379 km	1013 km
01-12-29.70	G	49.90°	98.64 min	379 km	1008 km
02-01-06.43	G	49.90°	98.58 min	379 km	1003 km
02-01-19.56	G	49.91°	98.51 min	378 km	997 km
02-02-09.81	G	49.90°	98.39 min	378 km	986 km
02-02-23.46	G	49.90°	98.34 min	377 km	981 km
02-03-10.47	G	49.90°	98.28 min	377 km	976 km
02-03-28.06	G	49.90°	98.22 min	376 km	971 km
02-04-14.23	G	49.90°	98.17 min	376 km	966 km
02-05-05.48	G	49.90°	98.11 min	376 km	961 km
02-05-24.47	G	49.90°	98.06 min	375 km	957 km
02-06-12.86	G	49.89°	98.00 min	375 km	951 km
02-07-01.01	G	49.90°	97.95 min	374 km	947 km
02-07-24.79	G	49.90°	97.89 min	374 km	942 km
02-08-13.83	G	49.90°	97.84 min	374 km	937 km
02-08-28.63	G	49.90°	97.78 min	374 km	931 km
02-09-13.84	G	49.90°	97.72 min	373 km	926 km
02-10-02.21	G	49.89°	97.67 min	373 km	922 km
02-10-19.83	G	49.90°	97.61 min	372 km	917 km
02-11-06.37	G	49.90°	97.56 min	372 km	912 km
02-11-30.06	G	49.90°	97.50 min	372 km	906 km
02-12-16.16	G	49.89°	97.45 min	372 km	902 km
03-01-06.18	G	49.89°	97.39 min	371 km	897 km
03-01-19.02	G	49.89°	97.34 min	371 km	893 km
03-02-07.47	G	49.90°	97.28 min	370 km	887 km
03-02-23.87	G	49.90°	97.22 min	370 km	882 km
03-03-09.63	G	49.89°	97.17 min	369 km	877 km
03-03-31.20	G	49.89°	97.11 min	369 km	872 km
03-04-23.84	G	49.89°	97.06 min	369 km	867 km
03-06-04.32	G	49.89°	97.00 min	369 km	862 km
03-07-06.09	G	49.89°	96.95 min	368 km	857 km
03-08-09.59	G	49.90°	96.89 min	368 km	852 km
03-08-31.84	G	49.89°	96.84 min	367 km	848 km
03-09-26.57	G	49.89°	96.78 min	367 km	842 km
03-10-18.33	G	49.89°	96.72 min	367 km	837 km
03-11-03.16	G	49.89°	96.67 min	366 km	832 km
03-11-30.46	G	49.89°	96.61 min	366 km	827 km
04-01-02.10	G	49.89°	96.56 min	366 km	822 km
04-02-11.62	G	49.90°	96.50 min	365 km	817 km
04-03-05.12	G	49.89°	96.45 min	365 km	813 km
04-03-28.67	G	49.89°	96.39 min	365 km	807 km
04-04-15.26	G	49.89°	96.34 min	364 km	802 km
04-05-22.82	G	49.89°	96.28 min	364 km	797 km
04-07-29.08	G	49.89°	96.22 min	364 km	792 km
04-09-16.34	G	49.89°	96.16 min	363 km	786 km
04-10-14.23	G	49.89°	96.10 min	362 km	781 km
04-11-03.69	G	49.89°	96.04 min	362 km	776 km
04-11-25.08	G	49.89°	95.99 min	362 km	771 km
05-01-09.16	G	49.89°	95.93 min	361 km	766 km
05-02-18.56	G	49.89°	95.88 min	361 km	761 km
05-03-29.61	G	49.89°	95.82 min	361 km	756 km
05-04-24.80	G	49.89°	95.77 min	360 km	752 km
05-05-31.87	G	49.89°	95.71 min	360 km	746 km
05-07-24.25	G	49.89°	95.65 min	360 km	741 km
05-09-18.07	G	49.88°	95.60 min	359 km	736 km
05-11-02.56	G	49.89°	95.54 min	359 km	731 km
05-12-02.26	G	49.89°	95.49 min	358 km	727 km
06-01-24.38	G	49.89°	95.43 min	358 km	721 km
06-04-09.73	G	49.89°	95.38 min	357 km	717 km
06-05-30.68	G	49.88°	95.32 min	357 km	712 km
06-07-12.53	G	49.88°	95.27 min	357 km	707 km
06-10-25.76	G	49.88°	95.21 min	356 km	702 km
06-12-14.43	G	49.88°	95.15 min	356 km	697 km
07-01-21.98	G	49.89°	95.10 min	355 km	692 km
07-04-15.89	G	49.89°	95.04 min	355 km	686 km
07-06-21.76	G	49.88°	94.99 min	354 km	682 km
07-09-21.49	G	49.88°	94.93 min	354 km	677 km
07-12-20.85	G	49.88°	94.88 min	354 km	672 km
08-03-18.57	G	49.88°	94.80 min	353 km	665 km
08-06-12.72	G	49.89°	94.75 min	353 km	661 km
08-09-07.76	G	49.89°	94.70 min	352 km	657 km
09-01-05.65	G	49.89°	94.64 min	352 km	651 km
09-03-14.61	G	49.88°	94.59 min	351 km	647 km
09-06-13.69	G	49.90°	94.53 min	351 km	641 km
09-09-28.40	G	49.91°	94.47 min	350 km	636 km
09-11-14.59	G	49.93°	94.42 min	349 km	633 km
10-02-12.78	G	49.92°	94.36 min	347 km	628 km
10-03-13.65	G	49.92°	94.31 min	347 km	623 km
10-04-07.78	G	49.91°	94.25 min	347 km	618 km
10-04-30.73	G	49.91°	94.20 min	346 km	614 km
10-06-28.67	G	49.92°	94.14 min	346 km	608 km
10-08-23.31	G	49.92°	94.09 min	345 km	604 km
10-09-29.33	G	49.91°	94.03 min	345 km	599 km
10-10-23.73	G	49.91°	93.97 min	344 km	594 km
10-11-12.54	G	49.92°	93.92 min	344 km	589 km
10-12-09.71	G	49.92°	93.86 min	343 km	584 km
11-01-16.87	G	49.91°	93.81 min	342 km	580 km
11-03-03.43	G	49.92°	93.75 min	341 km	575 km
11-03-17.54	G	49.91°	93.70 min	341 km	571 km
11-04-02.14	G	49.91°	93.64 min	340 km	566 km
11-04-09.74	G	49.91°	93.59 min	339 km	562 km
11-04-21.75	G	49.91°	93.53 min	338 km	556 km
11-05-02.39	G	49.91°	93.47 min	338 km	551 km
11-05-13.55	G	49.91°	93.42 min	337 km	547 km
11-05-31.76	G	49.91°	93.36 min	337 km	542 km
11-06-12.74	G	49.91°	93.31 min	336 km	538 km
11-07-02.68	G	49.91°	93.25 min	335 km	533 km

Význam parametrů: Epocha - Datum (rok, měsíc, den a zlomek dne), pro něž platí uvedené parametry. Typ - Kód typu oběžné dráhy : G - geocentrická (Země), i - Sklon dráhy (úhel mezi rovinou dráhy a referenční rovinou, tj. rovníkem nebo ekliptikou). P - Perioda (doba oběhu). h_P- Výška dráhy v pericentru. h_A- Výška dráhy v apocentru.

Popis objektu

Vědecká družice. Postavila ji NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Pasadena, CA (USA). Provozovatelem je NASA Headquarters, Office of Space Science and Applications (OSSA), Washington, DC (USA).

Rotací stabilizovaná vědecká družice tvaru dvou komolých kuželů propojených válcovou rovníkovou částí. Vnější hliníkový plášť má průměr 0.76 m a výšku 0.76 m. Elektrická energie je dodávána ze sady chemických baterií s životností 54 dní. Sluneční články nejsou záměrně použity, aby se zamezilo ovlivnění přístrojů nerovnoměrným dobíjením elementů fotovoltaických baterií. Povrch družice je pokryt 1 300 malými čtverečky červené barvy jako pasivní tepelná regulace. Vědecká měření jsou předávána v reálném čase vysílačkou 108.8 MHz se středním výkonem 100 mW.

Přístrojové vybavení tvoří:

impedanční sonda provedená jako dipólová anténa vyčnívající z rovníkového pásu družice měřící hustotu elektronů v ionosféře každých 40 ms a schopná detekovat nehomogenity v ionosféře menší než 300 m;
4 lapače iontů se soustavou mřížek pro zjišťování rozložení a koncentrace protonů, elektronů a jiných nabitých částic;
2 Langmuirovy sondy měřící teplotu elektronů namontované na horní části družice se sklonem 40° k ose rotace a na rovníků;
detektor mikrometeoritů na bázi mikrofonů ze dvou piezoelektrických krystalů zjišťuje frekvenci a hybnost dopadajících částic;
měřidlo elektrostatického pole umístěné na přední části družice měří rozložení náboje vznikajícího na povrchu družice pohybem v prostředí zemského plazmového pole;
čidlo mikrometeoritů provedené jako trubice fotonásobiče s napařenou vrstvou hliníku na čelní stěně měří světelnou energii vznikající při dopadu částice a její erozivní účinek.

Sledování družice slouží rovněž pro zjištění hustoty vysoké atmosféry v závislosti na výšce, zeměpisné šířce, roční době a sluneční aktivitě.

Předchozí družice této řady Explorer S-46 se nedostala 1960-03-23 pro havárii nosné rakety Juno 2 na oběžnou dráhu; předchozí úspěšně vypuštěnou je Explorer 7 (1959-009A), následující Explorer S-56 se nedostala 1960-12-04 pro havárii nosné rakety Scout X1 na oběžnou dráhu; následující úspěšně vypuštěnou je Explorer 9 (1961-004A).

Průběh letu

Datum Událost

1960-11-03 05:16:00 UT: Vzlet.

1960-12-27 Po vyčerpání chemických baterií ukončila družice činnost.
Kvůli potížím při komutaci telemetrických dat nebylo možno výsledky zpracovávat strojně, ale musely být vyhodnocovány ručně. I přesto byly získány významné vědecké poznatky.

Datum	Událost
1960-11-03	05:16:00 UT: Vzlet.
1960-12-27	Po vyčerpání chemických baterií ukončila družice činnost. Kvůli potížím při komutaci telemetrických dat nebylo možno výsledky zpracovávat strojně, ale musely být vyhodnocovány ručně. I přesto byly získány významné vědecké poznatky.

Literatura

Listy z historie : Explorer 8 / P. Knap. - Letectví a kosmonautika 47 [13] 515 (1971).
NSSDC Master Catalog Display: Spacecraft Explorer 8. - Greenbelt, MD : NASA-GSFC. - 1999-03-11. - [Cit. 2002-12-08]. (http//nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/database/MasterCatalog?sc1960-014A).

Datum poslední úpravy: 2011-07-17 20:54:51 UT

Název objektu	Explorer 8
	Ionosphere 1
	S-30 [=Science]
SSC	60
Start	1960-11-03 05:23 UT, Eastern Test Range, Juno 2
Stav objektu	na geocentrické dráze
Očekávaná životnost na dráze	50 r.
Provozovatel	USA, NASA
Výrobce	USA, NASA-JPL
Kategorie	vědecká družice
Hmotnost	41 kg

1960-014A (ξ1) - Explorer 8

Parametry dráhy

Popis objektu

Průběh letu

Literatura

1960-014A (ξ₁) - Explorer 8